Mongolia — Capital, Flag and Country Facts

Explore Mongolia: capital Ulaanbaatar, population, flag, geography, languages, history and culture.

Mongolia is in Asia. Its capital is Ulaanbaatar.

Climate

Extreme continental with very cold, long winters and short, warm summers; arid to semi-arid

Vast semi-arid and arid steppe; Gobi Desert in the south; mountains in the west and north

Mongolia is the least densely populated country in the world.

About 30% of Mongolia's population still lives a traditional nomadic lifestyle.

The Mongol Empire was the largest contiguous land empire in history.

1206: Genghis Khan unifies the Mongol tribes and establishes the Mongol Empire

1279: Kublai Khan completes conquest of China, founding the Yuan Dynasty

1691: Outer Mongolia falls under Qing Dynasty control

1911: Declares independence from China

1924: Mongolian People's Republic established as a Soviet satellite

1990: Democratic revolution leads to multi-party system