Egypt — Capital, Flag and Country Facts

Explore Egypt: capital Cairo, population, flag, geography, languages, history and culture.

Egypt is in Africa. Its capital is Cairo.

Climate

Hot desert climate with very little rainfall; mild winters and extremely hot summers

Vast desert plateau interrupted by the Nile Valley and Delta, with mountains in the east along the Red Sea coast

The Great Pyramid of Giza was the tallest structure in the world for over 3,800 years.

Ancient Egyptians invented one of the earliest forms of toothpaste around 5000 BC.

Cairo's Al-Azhar University, founded in 970 AD, is one of the oldest universities in the world.

3100 BC: Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh

1332 BC: Reign of Tutankhamun begins during the New Kingdom

641: Arab conquest of Egypt introduces Islam

1869: Suez Canal opens, connecting the Mediterranean to the Red Sea

1952: Egyptian Revolution overthrows the monarchy

2011: Egyptian Revolution during the Arab Spring leads to regime change